Ethernet Overview

(1973) IEEE 802.3 Ethernet standard (3 Mbps) → Xerox. (1980) become standard IEEE 802.3

(1995) IEEE 802.3u 100Base-T Fast Ethernet

(1999) IEEE 802.3z/ab 1000Mbps Gigabit Ethernet. 802.3z → fiber & copper. 802.3ab → twisted-pair

(2002) IEEE 802.3ae 10GE Ethernet (over fiber) {10GBaseX,10GBaseR,10GBaseW}

(2004) IEEE 802.3ak 10GBASE-CX4 (over copper twin-axial cable)

10Base5: thick coaxial cable (5 → 500 m)

10Base2: thin coaxial cable (2 → 200 m)

10BaseT: twisted-pair (UTP). Type3 → ANSI & EIA/TIA568 at 16MHz. Type4 → 20MHz. Type5 → 100MHz.

10BaseF: fiber (2 km)

100BaseTX: type5 2 pair UTP / STP (100 m)

100BaseT4: type3,4,5 4 pair (100 m)

100BaseFX: MMF (550-2000 m). SMF (> 2 km)

1000BaseCX: copper shielded twisted-pair (25 m)

1000BaseSX: shortwave laser 770-860 nm (MMF)

1000BaseLX: longwave laser 1270-1355 nm (MMF & SMF)

10GBase-SR/SW: MMF (2-300 m)

10GBase-LR/LW: MMF/SMF (2-10000 m)

10GBase-ER/EW: (2-40000 m)

10GBase-LX4: MMF (300 m) SMF (10000 m)

10GBase-CX4: coaxial copper cable (15 m)

10GBase-T: twisted-pair copper cable (100 m)

10GBaseX: 4 receiver-4 laser 1300 nm. Speed 3.125 Gbps data rate 2.5 Gbps

10GBaseR: serial interface 64B/66B. Data rate 10000 Gbps clock rate 10.3 Gbps

10GBaseW: interface WAN compatible with SONET OC-192, clock rate 9.953 Gbps, data rate 9.585 Gbps

Straight cable : WO-O-WG-B-WB-G-WBr-Br.

Crossover : WG-G-WO-B-WB-O-WBr-Br.

Medium Dependent Interface (MDI) → Routers & NIC. MDI_X → Hub.